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Introduction Of Piston Ring
General: Piston rings in and compressors have three main functions: to seal the working chamber
from the crankcase, to assist in the flow of heal from piston to cylinder wall and to control oil
consumption.In order to achieve efficient sealing the piston ring should make a good fit with both the
cylinder wall and either the top or bottom of the piston groove. The radial fit is achieved by the inherent
spring force of the ring together with the pressure of the working medium acting from behind the ring .
In the case of an engine this working medium is of course the combustion gas. The axial position of
the ring within its groove is determined mainly by gas pressure and inertia forces and altermates
between the top and bottom of the groove.
Piston rings are also used in increasing numbers as metallic seals for rotating shafts
Introduction of piston rings
HOW ENGINE WORKS
We will begin our explanation of basic engine operation by looking at the four-stroke working
cycle of the engine.These four strokes are usually called(1)The intake stroke，(2)The
compression stroke,(3)The combustion（expansion）stroke，（4）The exhaust stroke
PISTON RING SET
Top Ring→This is referred to as the “upper compression ring”. The upper compression ring is the
piston ring that operates under the harshest conditions with respect to thermal and mechanical
loading. Its job is to form a gas-tight barrier between the piston and cylinder wall in order to seal
the combustion chamber
Second Ring→This is referred to as the “lower compressing ring”. One of its jobs is to work
together with the top ring in order to “seal” the combustion chamber.
Oil Ring→As its name” oil control ring” implies, this ring scrapes excess lubricating oil off the
cylinder wall, maintaining proper lubrication while keeping oil consumption within proper limits
Piston Ring Function
Gas Seal Function:
The top ring provides a gas seal and the second ring below it assists in the
sealing and adjusts the action of the oil film. This means that the combustion chamber must be
made as gas-tight.As possible,so that the pressure generated by the quickly burning combustion
gases will move the piston in the cylinder causing the crankshaft. To turn, making power available.
Not only important for the combustion expansion stroke, gas-tightness is also very important for
the intake compression and exhaust strokes as well.this general function can be simply called
"gas sealing".
Heat Transfer Function:
The piston rings act to carry heat away from the hot piston into the cooled
cylinder wall block of the engine. Heal energy flows from the piston groove into the piston and then
into the cylinder wall, where it eventually will be transfer function is very important to maintaining
acceptable temperatures and stability in the piston and piston rings, so that sealing abilities not.
Oil Control Function: The piston rings require some oil for lubrication, however it is desirable to
keep this amount to a minimum. The rings act in a scraping manner keeping excess oil out of the
combustion chamber, in this way, oil consumption is held at an acceptable level and harmful
emissions are reduced.The oil scraped off by the oil ring flows from the drainage into the piston.